Fixed or swivel lifting points: which should I choose?

How to choose the correct lifting point

A lifting point is the fixed connection between the load and the lifting equipment – e.g. a lifting chain, sling or shackle. The choice of lifting points is of great importance for safety, workflow and lifting capacity.

The two most common types are fixed lifting points (also known as lifting eyes) and swivel lifting points (also known as swivel eye bolts). The main difference is how they handle pull from the lifting equipment.

Important: Lifting points must always be selected, fitted and used in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. The working load limit (WLL) may vary depending on the direction of the load, the lifting angle and the specific installation ;

Limitations regarding fixed lifting points

A fixed lifting point must not automatically be loaded from all directions. With an oblique pull or lateral load, the load-bearing capacity may be significantly reduced, and inappropriate forces may arise in both the lifting point and the bolt.

If you lift the load using multiple legs, or if the lifting device angle changes during the lift, it is essential to check whether the fixed lifting point is approved for the current load direction. If necessary, download our load tables for permitted lifting angles.

When should you choose a fixed lifting point?

A fixed lifting point is often a good choice when:

• the lift is vertical
• the pull comes from the same direction every time
• the workpiece has a suitable threaded hole or a suitable mounting surface
• the lifting task is simple and well-defined
• the lifting point’s WLL covers the actual load with the necessary safety margin

An example might be a machine component that is always lifted straight up from the same position using a single crane hook or a single vertical lifting sling.

Limitations for swivel lifting points

Swivel lifting points are typically more expensive than fixed lifting points. They must be installed correctly using the specified tightening torque, and kept clean and checked to ensure the swivel and tilt functions work properly. They do not have unlimited load capacity in all directions, so always follow the product instructions.

When should you choose a swivel lifting point?

A swivel lifting point is usually the safest and most flexible choice when:

• the load is lifted using two or more chain strands 
• chains or straps pull at an angle
• the load may change position during the lift
• the direction of lift is not fixed
• there is a need to turn, tilt or rotate the load
• you wish to reduce the risk of side loading on a fixed lifting eye 

An example might be lifting a machine with four lifting points, where the sling sections angle toward the crane hook. In this case, swivel lifting points can adjust to the pull and ensure a more correct load distribution at the lifting point.

The key difference: the direction of the load

In practice, the choice depends first and foremost on the direction from which the load is applied.

Also bear in mind the lifting angle

When lifting with multiple slings, the angle between the sling legs is crucial. The greater the angle of inclination, the greater the force exerted on each sling leg and at the lifting points.

This means that you must not only consider the total weight of the load. You must also take into account.

You must also take into account:

• the number of load-bearing sling legs
• the lifting angle
• the load’s center of gravity
• the direction of the load at each lifting point
• the specified WLL for the specific lifting point model

A swivel lifting point can help to handle an oblique load direction correctly, but this does not alter the need for correct sizing of the entire lifting arrangement.

Inspection and safe use

Regardless of type, inspect lifting points before use.

Check for, amongst other things:

• deformation, cracks or severe corrosion
• damaged or worn threads
• illegible WLL marking
• incorrect or inadequate installation
• signs of overloading
• that swivel models can swivel and tilt freely

The lifting point must never be used if the marking or condition gives cause for doubt. The thread type, thread length, material thickness, and tightening torque must also comply with the manufacturer’s specifications.

In short, fixed lifting points are a simple solution for vertical lifts with a known, stable load direction. Swivel lifting points are the flexible solution for oblique pulls, multi-point lifts and tasks where the direction of the load varies.

The correct choice always depends on the specific lifting task. If you are in any doubt about the type of lifting point, WLL or direction of load, the lift should be assessed before work commences.

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